Earthquake The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built The First Hagia Sophia is inaugurated by Constantius II A fire destroys the roof Church of Theodosius II The Hagia Sophia burns to the ground Construction of the new Hagia Sophia The new Hagia Sophia is dedicated by Emperor Justinian Earthquake Earthquake The dome collapses The restored church is consecrated Images destroyed during the Iconoclast Controversy are restored Restoration by Basil I The redecoration of Hagia Sophia begins Earthquake Rebuilding under rule of Basil II Changes during the Latin Empire Reign of Michael VIII Andronicus II carries out works to restabilize the church 1st reign of John V Palaeologus Earthquake The eastern part of the dome collapses Restoration The cross is substituted by a crescent and a provisional wooden minaret is built Redecoration under Mehmed II Architect Sinan is invited to reform Hagia Sophia Tomb of Sultan Selim II Tomb of Sultan Murad III Tomb of Sultan Mehmed III Reign of Murad IV Elementary school Hagia Sophia Fountain Restoration under Sultan Abdulmejid The timing room is built Earthquake Restoration by members of the Byzantine Institute of America A long-lost portrait of Emperor Alexander is rediscovered

Proclamation of the Republic of Turkey Foundation of Byzantium Constantine the Great captures Rome Edict of Milan Constantine the Great unites the Empire Construction of Constantinople Council of Nicaea A portion of the True Cross is brought to Constantinople Constantinople is dedicated Nika Riots 5th Council of the Church Emperor Leo III proscription of images The Iconoclast Controversy is resolved Schism between Roman and Orthodox churches Occupation by the Latin Empire The first Latin emperor is crowned in Hagia Sophia Recapture by the Byzantines The capital of the Ottoman Empire is established at Adrianople Brief siege of Constantinople Mehmed II rises to the Ottoman throne Act of Union The bombardment begins Mehmed II gives orders for a final assault The final Turkish assault launches Ottoman constitution of 1876 Young Turk Revolution Opening of a new Turkish parliament Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed First Balkan War Second Balkan War First World War The Allies occupy Istanbul Mustafa Kemal launches his resistance movement Inauguration of a Grand National Assembly Treaty of Lausanne is signed Proclamation of the Turkish Republic Gli, the guardian cat of Hagia Sophia, is born

Serpent Column Obelisk of Theodosius Hagia Irene Fatih Mosque Süleymaniye Mosque Sultanahmet Mosque German Fountain

Description of Hagia Sophia by Prokopios Description by Paul the Silentiary Description by Michael of Thessaloniki Visited by Ruy González de Clavijo Description by Bertrandon de la Broquière Mention in The Travels of Sir John Mandeville