Palace of Monserrate

International Chronology

Cervantes writes Don Quixote

Don Quixote de la mancha (1605)

The Ingenious Gentleman Sir Quixote of La Mancha (Modern Spanish: El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha, pronounced [el iŋxeˈnjoso iˈðalɣo ðoŋ kiˈxote ðe la ˈmantʃa]), or just Don Quixote (/ˌdɒŋ kiːˈhoʊti/, US: /-teɪ/, Spanish: [doŋ kiˈxote] (About this soundlisten)), is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615, Don Quixote is the most influential work of literature from the Spanish Golden Age and the entire Spanish literary canon. As a founding work of modern Western literature, it regularly appears high on lists of the greatest works of fiction ever published, such as the Bokklubben World Library collection that cites Don Quixote as the authors' choice for the "best literary work ever written".

The story follows the adventures of a noble (hidalgo) named Alonso Quixano who reads so many chivalric romances that he loses his sanity and decides to become a knight-errant (caballero andante), reviving chivalry and serving his country, under the name Don Quixote de la Mancha. He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often employs a unique, earthy wit in dealing with Don Quixote's rhetorical orations on antiquated knighthood. Don Quixote, in the first part of the book, does not see the world for what it is and prefers to imagine that he is living out a knightly story.


Palace of Monserrate

Defeat of the Invincible Armada by the English Shakespeare writes Richard III
Cervantes writes Don Quixote
Galileo invents the telescope Start of the reign of Louis XIV Denis Papin constructs the first steam engine Daniel Defoe writes Robinson Crusoe Seven Years’ War The Second Continental Congress declares the independence of the USA Outbreak of the French Revolution Battles of Trafalgar and Austerlitz Battle of Austerlitz Argentina achieves independence Greece achieves independence Death of Napoleon Bonaparte Champollion deciphers hieroglyphics Victoria is crowned Queen of England Alexandre Dumas publishes The Three Musketeers Marx and Engels publish The Communist Manifesto Darwin - On the Origin of Species Outbreak of the American Civil War Tolstoy begins publication of War and Peace Abolition of slavery in the USA Verdi's opera Aida is staged in Cairo Bell invents the telephone Construction of the first electric locomotive by Siemens Wagner writes Parsifal Construction of the first skyscraper in Chicago Karl Benz invents the first petrol-powered vehicle Lumiére Brothers – 1st cinema projection Bayer invents aspirin Einstein - Theory of Relativity Proclamation of the Republic of China Sinking of the Titanic First World War Russian Revolution Women granted the right to vote in the USA Hitler becomes the leader of the Nazi Party First broadcasting of images by television Chang-Kai-Check reunifies China The start of sound film Walt Disney creates Mickey Mouse Black Thursday on Wall Street Soviet Union – Stalin becomes undisputed leader Creation of the electronic microscope Hitler becomes leader of German Reich Start of the Spanish Civil War Second World War First computer – ENIAC Establishment of the People’s Republic of China Death of Stalin Signing of the Treaty of Rome - creation of the EEC Construction of the Berlin Wall Assassination of President Kennedy in Dallas The USA intervenes in Vietnam Fall of the Berlin Wall Outbreak of the Gulf War 2001 11 September Economic crisis